[D-CEL]

I think we should also recognize a second major contributing factor. The MFG does not fully understand the key characteristics of the product. That is to say, what makes a “good” crankshaft. I believe US mfgs learned this lesson many years ago.
Unfortunately, when cost is a driving parameter, quality is usually the first casualty. Few in the MFG world see QA / inspection as a “value added process, even after a catastrophic failure.