Not Ranked
You might want to research boundry layer theory in fluid dynamics or the next time you are going down the freeway put down your window and lay your hand on the roof. You will notice no air movement across you hand when laid on the roof at 60mph, It is not until you move your hand away about 1/2 inch. Same in your engine without thermostat, in some instances the flow rate from the water pump can be high enough you get stagnant water next to the engine block. Water to water heat transfer is not as efficient as block to water
transfer rate.
thermostat open at their stated temperature but do not FULLY close until about 10 degrees below there set point.
160F thermostat equals cold cylinder walls and hot pistons which equal excessive wear.
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